Secrets Of Hawaii’s Kilauea Volcanic Fissures

Have you ever wondered what makes Hawaii's Kilauea volcanic fissures so captivating? These natural wonders are not just cracks in the ground; they are gateways to the Earth's fiery core. Located on the Big Island, Kilauea is one of the most active volcanoes in the world. Its fissures, or long, narrow openings, release lava, steam, and gases, creating a mesmerizing display of nature's power. Visiting these fissures offers a unique chance to witness the raw energy of an active volcano. Whether you're a geology enthusiast or just love breathtaking landscapes, Kilauea's fissures are a must-see.

Unveiling the Mysteries of Kilauea

Kilauea, one of Hawaii's most active volcanoes, has fascinated scientists and travelers alike. Its volcanic fissures, cracks through which lava emerges, offer a glimpse into the Earth's fiery heart. Let's explore some of the most intriguing fissures of Kilauea.

1. The East Rift Zone

The East Rift Zone is a hotspot for volcanic activity. This area stretches from Kilauea's summit down to the coast, providing a dramatic landscape of lava flows and steam vents.

1. Pu'u 'Ō'ō Crater: This crater has been erupting almost continuously since 1983. The lava flows have created new land, reshaping the island's coastline.
2. Leilani Estates: In 2018, fissures opened in this residential area, causing significant damage but also offering a rare opportunity to witness volcanic activity up close.
3. Kapoho: Once a thriving community, Kapoho was engulfed by lava flows in 1960 and again in 2018. The area now serves as a stark reminder of nature's power.

2. The Southwest Rift Zone

Less active than the East Rift Zone, the Southwest Rift Zone still holds many secrets. This area is characterized by older lava flows and fewer eruptions.

4. Mauna Iki: This fissure erupted in 1919, creating a series of lava fountains and flows. The landscape here is rugged and otherworldly.
5. Alae Crater: Formed by a series of eruptions, Alae Crater is a fascinating site for geologists and adventurers alike. The crater's walls reveal layers of volcanic history.

3. The Summit Caldera

The summit of Kilauea is a caldera, a large volcanic crater formed by previous eruptions. This area is home to some of the most iconic features of the volcano.

6. Halema'uma'u Crater: Known as the home of Pele, the Hawaiian goddess of fire, Halema'uma'u has been a focal point of volcanic activity. Recent eruptions have dramatically altered its appearance.
7. Crater Rim Drive: This scenic drive offers breathtaking views of the caldera and its fissures. Stops along the way provide insights into the volcano's history and geology.

4. The Lower East Rift Zone

The Lower East Rift Zone is where some of the most recent and dramatic volcanic activity has occurred. This area is a testament to the dynamic nature of Kilauea.

8. Fissure 8: In 2018, Fissure 8 became the most active of the 24 fissures that opened during the eruption. Its lava flows created a vast field of new land.
9. Pohoiki: Once a popular beach park, Pohoiki was transformed by the 2018 eruption. The new black sand beach and hot springs are a testament to the ever-changing landscape.

5. The Chain of Craters Road

This road winds through some of the most spectacular volcanic scenery on the island. Along the way, you'll encounter numerous fissures and lava flows.

10. Napau Crater: Located along the Chain of Craters Road, Napau Crater offers a glimpse into the past eruptions of Kilauea. The surrounding area is dotted with steam vents and lava tubes.
11. Mauna Ulu: This fissure erupted between 1969 and 1974, creating a series of lava flows that reshaped the landscape. The hike to the summit offers stunning views of the surrounding area.

6. The Puna District

The Puna District is a region of contrasts, where lush rainforests meet barren lava fields. This area has been heavily impacted by Kilauea's eruptions.

12. Lava Tree State Monument: This park features lava molds of trees that were engulfed by a lava flow in 1790. The eerie formations are a unique sight.
13. Kaimū: Once a thriving village, Kaimū was buried by lava in 1990. The new black sand beach that formed is a popular spot for visitors.

7. The Coastal Plains

Kilauea's lava flows often reach the ocean, creating dramatic steam plumes and new land. The coastal plains are a dynamic and ever-changing landscape.

14. Kalapana: This village was largely destroyed by lava flows in the 1990s. Today, visitors can see the new land created by the eruptions and the resilient community that remains.
15. Kamokuna: Where lava meets the sea, Kamokuna offers a spectacular display of steam and molten rock. The area is a popular spot for viewing the raw power of Kilauea.

8. The Volcanoes National Park

Hawaii Volcanoes National Park encompasses much of Kilauea and offers numerous opportunities to explore its fissures and lava flows.

16. Thurston Lava Tube: This massive lava tube is a testament to the power of Kilauea's eruptions. Walking through the tube is like stepping into another world.
17. Devastation Trail: This trail leads through an area that was buried by cinders during a 1959 eruption. The stark landscape is a reminder of the volcano's destructive power.

Embracing the Power of Kilauea

Kilauea's volcanic fissures offer a glimpse into the raw power of nature. These fissures, with their flowing lava and steam vents, create a landscape that's both beautiful and dangerous. Visiting Kilauea allows you to witness the Earth's inner workings up close. The experience is humbling, reminding us of nature's strength and unpredictability. Whether you're hiking through lava fields or observing from a safe distance, Kilauea leaves a lasting impression. It's a place where you can feel the Earth's heartbeat, see its fiery breath, and understand the forces that shape our world. If you ever get the chance to visit, don't miss it. Kilauea's volcanic fissures are a testament to the dynamic and ever-changing nature of our planet. Embrace the adventure, respect the power, and let Kilauea's wonders inspire you.